Ephesus Ancient City

According to ancient myths; Ephesus (Ephesus), founded by female warriors known as the Amazon. It is thought that Apasas came from a city in the Arzawa kingdom, whose name means Mother Goddess city. The Carian and Leleves were probably among the first inhabitants of the city. According to the legend, the city was founded by Androklos, son of Kodros, the second king of Athens, on the shore of the Kayster River where he went to the sea, guided by a fish and wild pig on the advice of the priests. On the other hand, archaeological evidence shows that indigenous people live in the area until the end of the second millennium BC. This place is probably the capital city of Arzawa, the capital city of Apasah, which can be matched with the Ayasuluk Hill, which is mentioned in Hittite sources. If this assumption is true, we should expect a regional power that is closely related to the Hittite Empire, although not much of the Aegean, Mycenae and Crete influences are mentioned. There is an observable increase in Greek influence in 100 BC and after. It is highly probable that the first colonists from the Greek island settled along the eastern shore of the Aegean Sea today, in what is now called Ionia (Ionia).


The cities of Ionia develop after the participation of the Ionia migrations in a confederation under the leadership of Ephesus. During the period of Lydian Kings, Ephesus became one of the most wealthy cities of the Mediterranean world.The Lydian king Croesus was defeated by the Persian king Kyros sets the stage for the spread of Persian sovereignty over the entire Aegean coastline. At the beginning of the 5th century, when the cities of Ionia rose up against the Persians, they quickly separated from the rest of them and thus were saved from destruction. When Ephesus entered a period of peace and rest of fifty years, it remained under Persian rule until the rise of Alexander the Great in 334 BC. Lysimakhos leaps his arms to develop the city he called Arsinoeia after his wife Arsinoe. A new port builds a defensive wall on the slopes of Panayırdağ and Bülbüldağ, and the city runs 2.5 km southwest. In 281 BC, the city was reestablished as Ephesus and became one of the most important commercial ports of the Mediterranean.